Programming Problem

Chemists, biologists, and biochemists, are often interested in calculating the pH level of a given solution. A solution with a pH level less than 7 is acidic; otherwise, it is basic. Determining the pH of a solution is important, since many organisms and micro-organisms can only live in a limited pH range.

Instructions:

• Start a C++ program from scratch to solve the above problem.
• Add code to template file ex4_pH.cpp in the replit team project or create it in your IDE.
• Request an input for a concentration of hydroxide ions, denoted OH ⁻, and represented as a real number (you decide the appropriate type).
• Calculate the concentration of hydronium ions, abbreviated H ⁺, using this formula:
  
  
  
• Calculate the pH level from the hydronium concentration with this formula:
  
  
  
  
• For example, if the input solution is 0.002 OH ⁻, your program should print something like this:

     
  
        The pH level of solution 0.002 is 11.3010299957. The solution is basic.
     
     

• Use proper loops and selection control structures - avoid use of continue and early return statements. (You should also avoid use of break to end loops for this exercise.)
• Use meaningful variable names, proper indentation, and appropriate comments.
• Use the output format and style shown in the sample run below.
• Here are four hydroxide concentrations to use as test input :

        
  
  0.002               ( or 2.0e-3  )
  0.00006             ( or 6.0e-5  )
  0.000000007         ( or 7.0e-9  )
  0.0000000009        ( or 9.0e-10 )
        
        

• Show your lab instructor that your program works.

Tips:

• This program requires you to use log base 10 - and the log() function doesn't do that in C++. There are several log functions in the cmath library - be sure to choose the right one.
  
  
• C++ allows you to initialize and print values in scientific notation like this:

           double avogadro = 6.022e+23; // Avogadro's Number
        

  If you find that confusing, you can also use the pow() function from cmath.

            double avogadro = 6.022*pow(10.0,23.0); // Avogadro's Number
         

Sample Output

   

This program calculates ph level
Enter 0 to quit the program.
Please input the concentration of hydroxide: 0.002
The ph level of solution 0.0020000000 is 11.3010299957. The solution is basic.

Please input the concentration of hydroxide: 0.00006
The ph level of solution 0.0000600000 is 9.7781512504. The solution is basic.

Please input the concentration of hydroxide: 0.000000007
The ph level of solution 0.0000000070 is 5.8450980400. The solution is acidic.

Please input the concentration of hydroxide: 0.0000000009
The ph level of solution 0.0000000009 is 4.9542425094. The solution is acidic.

Please input the concentration of hydroxide: 0
You entered 0, so quit the program.
   
   

When you are done:

• Take a screenshot demonstrating either:
  • Replit: 3 out of the 4 Input/Ouput tests are successful.
  • Other IDEs: a sample run with the test data shown in this exercise.
• For this exercise, you will have: ex4_pH.cpp.
• If you have completed this exercise, congratulations! Option 2 is complete! Please download a zip file from replit and upload it to URCourses.